Sepsis is an increasingly common and lethal medical condition that occurs in people of all ages. In spite of the fact that incidence, management, and pathophysiological knowledge of sepsis have improved over the past 20 years, sepsis still evolves to a mortal outcome, in one case out of five, with no new recent or specific therapy showing its efficacy on the patient's prognosis. These findings have led to the development of new definition.

In February 2016, a third international consensus conference was carried out to define new criteria of sepsis. The new definition of sepsis incorporates relevant clinical and biological criteria such as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA score) or serum lactate levels. Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score, also known as SOFA score, is used to track a person's status during the stay in an intensive care unit (ICU) to determine the extent of a person's organ function or rate of failure. The score is based on six different scores, one each for the respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, coagulation, renal and neurological systems. Both the mean and highest SOFA scores are predictors of outcome. An increase in SOFA score during the first 24 to 48 hours in the ICU predicts a mortality rate of at least 50% up to 95%. Scores less than 9 give predictive mortality at 33% while above 11 can be close to or above 95%.

The study showed that the highest risk of purulent-septic complications is observed in patients that received combination therapy: chemotherapeutic agents, radiation therapy, and surgical methods of treatment, despite the timely use of antibiotic therapy. In addition, the dependence of the occurrence of purulent-septic complications on the duration of treatment with methods with immunosuppressive effects was revealed.