DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT)

Department Of Surgery with Urology And Anaesthesiology No 2

Scientific Supervisor:Ass. Prof Svyatoslav Yaroslav Kostiv

SHEI “I. Ya Horbachevskyi Ternopil State Medical University ”

Ternopil, Ukraine

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, is a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Most deep vein clots occur in the lower leg or thigh. If the vein swells, the condition is called thrombophlebitis. A deep vein thrombosis can break loose and cause a serious problem in the lung, called a pulmonary embolism.

OBJECTIVE: To present an update on the causes and management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In the past three years

METHODS: A review of publications obtained from Medline search, medical libraries, and Google.

RESULTS: DVT affects 0.1% of persons per year. It is predominantly a disease of the elderly and has a slight male preponderance. The approach to making a diagnosis currently involves an algorithm combining pretest probability, D-dimer testing, and compression ultrasonography. This will guide further investigations if necessary. Prophylaxis is both mechanical and pharmacological. The goals of treatment are to prevent extension of thrombi, pulmonary embolism, recurrence of thrombi, and the development of complications such as pulmonary hypertension and post-thrombotic syndrome.

CONCLUSION: DVT is a potentially dangerous condition with a myriad of risk factors. Prophylaxis is very important and can be mechanical and pharmacological. The cornerstone of treatment is anticoagulation. In patients with cancer, consider anticoagulation for 6 months with low-molecular-weight heparin. Rivaroxaban or Apixaban  is an oral factor Xa inhibitor which has recently been approved by the FDA and NICE and is attractive because there is no need for regular INR monitoring.Many DVTs will resolve with no complications.