Introduction. The interest to vimentin is associated with the fact that in the course of cellular differentiation vimentin content can change. The fact whether or no iron deficiency anemia of gravidas (IDAG) influences on vimentin accumulation in the stroma cells of chorionic villi under condition of preterm maturation of chorionic villi remains unknown.

Objective. The purpose of the study was to determine quantitative parameters of vimentin in fibroblasts of chorionic villi with IDAG in term of gestation – 29-32 weeks of gestation.

Materials and methods. 62 placentas were examined. The group №1- the examination of IDAG in 29-32 weeks of gestation when the structure of the chorionic tree corresponds to the term of gestation.The group №2 – the examination without any anemia in 29-32 weeks of gestation when the structure of the chorionic tree corresponds to the term of gestation. The group №3 - physiological pregnancy.

The placental tissue was fixed in phosphate buffered neutral 10% formalin solution with further by passing the material and preparing paraffin blocks. According to DAKO recommendations by means of immunohistochemical method further detection of vimentin (using antibodies Clone V9) expression in trophoblast structures was determined (polymeric system of detection with the stain diaminobenzidine). Statistically significant were differences with р≤0,05.

Results. The group №1 (n=20) - 0,208±0,0013 units of optic density. The group №2 (n=21) - 0,126±0,0012 units of optic density. The group №3 (n=21) - 0,244±0,0016 units of optic density.

Conclusions. IDAG paradoxically causes immaturity of fibroblasts and endotheliocytes of the intermediate and terminal placental villi even in placentas with determined preterm maturation of the chorionic tree by means of histological method. Optic density of immunohistochemical staining of vimentin in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts of the intermediate and terminal placenta villi can be a criterion of maturation of the placental chorionic tree.